Ceftriaxone injections: instructions for use, price, reviews from doctors. Indications for use and analogues

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

What is Ceftriaxone?

According to Wikipedia, ceftriaxone is an antibiotic whose bactericidal effect is due to its ability to disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.

Pharmacodynamics

A universal antibacterial agent, the mechanism of action of which is determined by the ability to suppress the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. The drug exhibits greater resistance to most β-lactamases of gram(+) and gram(-) microorganisms.

Active regarding:

Gram(+) aerobes - St. aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains) and Epidermidis, Streptococcus (pneumoniae, pyogenes, viridans group);
Gram(-) aerobes - Enterobacter aerogenes and cloacae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Haemophilus influenzae (including penicillinase-producing strains) and parainfluenzae, Borrelia burgdorferi, Klebsiella spp. (including pneumoniae), Escherichia coli, Moraxella catarrhalis and diplococci of the genus Neisseria (including penicillinase-producing strains), Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis, Neisseria meningitidis, Serratia spp., some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
anaerobes - Clostridium spp. (exception: Clostridium difficile), Bacteroides fragilis, Peptostreptococcus spp..

In vitro (clinical significance remains unknown) activity is observed against strains of the following bacteria: Citrobacter diversus and freundii, Salmonella spp. (including against Salmonella typhi), Providencia spp. (including in relation to Providencia rettgeri), Shigella spp.; Bacteroides bivius, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacteroides melaninogenicus.

Methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus, many strains of Enterococcus (including Str. faecalis) and group D Streptococcus are resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics (including ceftriaxone).

Pharmacokinetics

bioavailability - 100%;
T Cmax when Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously - at the end of the infusion, when administered intramuscularly - 2-3 hours;
connection with plasma proteins - from 83 to 96%;
T1/2 with intramuscular administration - from 5.8 to 8.7 hours, with intravenous administration - from 4.3 to 15.7 hours (depending on the disease, the patient’s age and the condition of his kidneys).

In adults, the concentration of ceftriaxone in the cerebrospinal fluid when administered 50 mg/kg after 2-24 hours is many times higher than the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for the most common pathogens of meningococcal infection . The drug penetrates well into the cerebrospinal fluid during inflammation of the meninges.

Ceftriaxone is excreted unchanged:

kidneys - by 33-67% (in newborn babies this figure is 70%);
with bile into the intestines (where the drug is inactivated) - by 40-50%.

Hemodialysis is ineffective.

General rules for the preparation and administration of Ceftriaxone solution for injection

Diluting Ceftriaxone is essentially no different from making solutions of other antibiotics. Standard requirements for preparing a solution for injection are as follows:

Slow injection of solution

The substance is prepared immediately before use.
Take the required amount of the drug in powder and a sufficient volume of solvent.
When performing an injection, the following condition must be observed: more than 1 g of antibiotic should not be injected into one buttock.
The drug is injected deeply intramuscularly (almost the entire length of the 5 ml syringe needle) into the upper outer quadrant of the buttock.
Ceftriaxone is infused very slowly during the injection.
The prepared solution is used exclusively for a single injection; if only part of the contents of the bottle is used for injection, the remainder is always discarded.
The drug solution remains stable in physical and chemical properties for 6 hours at room temperature; after this time, the drug must be disposed of.

The quantitative ratio of Ceftriaxone powder and Novocaine will depend on the concentration of the final solution, according to the recipe.

The dosage is determined by the doctor

For intramuscular administration, 0.25, 0.5 or 1 g of antibiotic in the prepared solution can be used. The dosage is determined by the attending physician. In this case, the doctor takes into account the following factors: the type and severity of the pathology, the patient’s age, and the duration of the disease.

Indications for use of Ceftriaxone

The annotation states that the indications for the use of Ceftriaxone are infections caused by bacteria sensitive to the drug. Intravenous infusions and injections of medications are prescribed to treat:

infections of the abdominal cavity (including empyema of the gallbladder , angiocholitis , peritonitis ), ENT organs and respiratory tract ( empyema of the pleura , pneumonia , bronchitis , lung abscess , etc.), bone and joint tissue, soft tissues and skin, urogenital tract (including pyelonephritis , pyelitis , prostatitis , cystitis , epididymitis );
epiglottitis;
infected burns/wounds;
infectious lesions of the maxillofacial area;
bacterial septicemia;
sepsis;
bacterial endocarditis;
bacterial meningitis;
syphilis;
chancroid;
tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease);
uncomplicated gonorrhea (including in cases where the disease is caused by microorganisms that secrete penicillinase);
salmonellosis/salmonella carriage;
typhoid fever.

The drug is also used for perioperative prophylaxis and for the treatment of immunocompromised patients.

What is Ceftriaxone used for for syphilis?

Although Penicillin is the drug of choice of syphilis , its effectiveness may be limited in some cases.

The use of cephalosporin antibiotics is resorted to as a backup option in case of intolerance to drugs of the penicillin group.

The valuable properties of the drug are:

the presence in its composition of chemical substances that have the ability to suppress the formation of cell membranes and mucopeptide synthesis in the walls of bacterial cells;
the ability to quickly penetrate organs, fluids and tissues of the body and, in particular, into the cerebrospinal fluid, which in patients with syphilis undergoes many specific changes;
Possibility of use for the treatment of pregnant women.

The medicine is most effective in cases where the causative agent of the disease is Treponema pallidum, since the distinctive feature of Ceftriaxone is its high treponemocidal activity. The positive effect is especially pronounced with intramuscular administration of the drug.

Treatment of syphilis with the use of the drug gives good results not only in the early stages of the disease, but also in advanced cases: with neurosyphilis , as well as with secondary and latent syphilis.

Since T1/2 of Ceftriaxone is approximately 8 hours, the drug can be used equally successfully in both inpatient and outpatient treatment regimens. It is enough to administer the drug to the patient once a day.

For preventive treatment, the drug is administered over 5 days, for primary syphilis - a 10-day course, early latent and secondary syphilis are treated within 3 weeks.

For non-advanced forms of neurosyphilis, the patient is administered a single dose of 1-2 g of Ceftriaxone for 20 days; in the later stages of the disease, the drug is administered at a dose of 1 g/day. for 3 weeks, after which an interval of 14 days is maintained and treatment with a similar dosage is carried out for 10 days.

For acute generalized meningitis and syphilitic meningoencephalitis, the dose is increased to 5 g/day.

Ceftriaxone injections: why is the drug prescribed for angina in adults and children?

Despite the fact that the antibiotic is effective for various lesions of the nasopharynx (including sore throat and sinusitis ), it is, as a rule, rarely used as a drug of choice, especially in pediatrics.

For angina, the medicine can be administered through a dropper into a vein or in the form of regular injections into the muscle. However, in the vast majority of cases, the patient is prescribed intramuscular injections. The solution is prepared immediately before use. The finished mixture remains stable at room temperature for 6 hours after preparation.

For children with angina, Ceftriaxone is prescribed in exceptional cases when acute angina is complicated by severe suppuration and inflammation.

The appropriate dosage is determined by the attending physician.

During pregnancy, the drug is prescribed in cases where penicillin antibiotics are not effective. Although the medicine crosses the placental barrier, it does not have a significant effect on the health and development of the fetus.

Treatment of sinusitis with Ceftriaxone

For sinusitis, antibacterial agents are first-line drugs. Completely penetrating the blood, Ceftriaxone is retained at the site of inflammation in the required concentrations.

As a rule, the medicine is prescribed in combination with mucolytics , vasoconstrictors , etc.

How to inject the drug for sinusitis? Typically, the patient is prescribed Ceftriaxone to be injected into the muscle twice a day, 0.5-1 g. Before injection, the powder is mixed with Lidocaine (it is preferable to use a one percent solution) or d/i water.

Treatment lasts at least 1 week.

How to inject Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine

If you use a 1% solution of Lidocaine to dilute Ceftriaxone, then water is not needed, but the injection should be done according to this scheme:

Fill a syringe with 5 ml of painkiller in a volume of 3.5 ml.
Add to antibiotic bottle.
Achieve complete dissolution.
Draw the solution into a syringe.
Change the needle (it is most convenient to use three-component syringes for Ceftriaxone), since during dissolution there are cases when the needle becomes clogged with antibiotic powder.
Remove air from the syringe.
Give an injection.

One injection into the muscle takes only 1 g of the drug. It is done once a day. If you need to administer 2 g, then usually 2 injections of 1 g are given with an interval of 12 hours with a mandatory change of side. When higher doses are indicated, the patient is often recommended to receive a drip 1 or 2 times a day.

How to give intramuscular injections

An intramuscular injection of a diluted antibiotic is given according to the rules:

Visually divide the buttock into 4 parts (the first time you can draw the boundaries with a cotton swab soaked in iodine) in half vertically and into 2 equal parts horizontally.
Find the upper outer quadrant.
Wipe the injection area with alcohol (there should be no lumps or pain in it).
Take the syringe in your right hand, and with your left hand fix the skin with the first and second fingers, stretching it significantly.
With a precise and quick movement, pierce the skin and insert the needle strictly perpendicular to 3/4 of its length.
Slowly press the plunger and gradually release the solution.
Remove the needle.
Press the injection site with an alcohol swab and hold for 1 minute.

It is very important to adhere to the rules of complete sterility when diluting an antibiotic yourself. This means that your hands are washed thoroughly, and then your fingers and the cap of the bottle are wiped with alcohol. All manipulations are carried out on a sterile napkin; the needle outside the ampoule and bottle should be kept closed with a cap.

Contraindications

Ceftriaxone is not prescribed in case of known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics or auxiliary components of the drug.

Relative contraindications:

the neonatal period if the child has hyperbilirubinemia ;
prematurity;
renal/liver failure;
enteritis , UC or colitis associated with the use of antibacterial agents;
pregnancy;
lactation.

Side effects of Ceftriaxone

Side effects of the drug appear as:

hypersensitivity reactions: eosinophilia , fever, itching, urticaria edema , skin rash, multiforme (in some cases malignant) exudative erythema , serum sickness , anaphylactic shock , chills;
headache and dizziness;
oliguria;
dysfunction of the digestive organs: nausea, vomiting, flatulence , taste disturbance, stomatitis , diarrhea , glossitis , formation of sludge in the gallbladder and pseudocholelithiasis , pseudomembranous enterocolitis , dysbacteriosis , candidomycosis and other superinfections;
hematopoiesis disorders: anemia (including hemolytic ), lymphopenia , leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia , thrombocytosis and leukocytosis , hematuria , basophilia , nosebleeds).

If the medicine is administered intravenously, inflammation of the venous wall, as well as pain along the vein, is possible. The injection of the drug into the muscle is accompanied by pain at the injection site.

Ceftriaxone (injections and IV infusion) may also affect laboratory parameters. The patient's prothrombin time decreases (or increases), the activity of alkaline phosphatase and liver transaminases increases, as well as the concentration of urea, hypercreatininemia , hyperbilirubinemia , and glycosuria .

Reviews of the side effects of Ceftriaxone allow us to conclude that with intramuscular administration of the drug, almost 100% of patients complain of severe pain from the injection, some report muscle pain, dizziness, chills, weakness, itching and rash.

The injections are easiest to tolerate if you dilute the powder with an anesthetic. In this case, it is necessary to do a test both for the drug itself and for the painkiller.

Is it better to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine or Lidocaine?

It is better to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine than Novocaine, this is explained by the properties of the second painkiller:

reduces the effectiveness of the antibiotic;
acts weaker;
Lidocaine more often causes allergic reactions, including the immediate type - angioedema.

If you are intolerant to Lidocaine and need to use intramuscular injections, the doctor may allow dilution of the antibiotic with 4 ml of a 0.5% solution of Novocaine.

In such cases, a preliminary test is required. It is carried out with 0.5 ml of a ready-made mixture of Ceftriaxone with an anesthetic. This amount is injected under the skin of the forearm and then the reaction is assessed hourly. Novocaine can also be used in the treatment of animals.

It is strictly forbidden to change the solvent yourself; it is especially dangerous to use solutions with calcium (for example, Ringer), as insoluble salts are formed. You cannot inject Ceftriaxone at the same time (in the same syringe) with other antibiotics.

Instructions for use of Ceftriaxone (Method and dosage)

How to dilute Ceftriaxone for injection?

The manufacturer's instructions, as well as the Vidal reference book, indicate that the drug can be injected into a vein or into a muscle.

Dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age: 1-2 g/day. The antibiotic is administered once or once every 12 hours at half the dose.

In particularly serious cases, as well as if the infection is caused by a pathogen moderately sensitive to Ceftriaxone, the dose is increased to 4 g/day.

For gonorrhea , a single injection of 250 mg of the drug into the muscle is recommended.

For preventive purposes, before an infected or suspected infected operation, depending on the degree of danger of infectious complications, the patient should be administered a single dose of 1-2 g of Ceftriaxone 0.5-1.5 hours before surgery.

For children in the first 2 weeks of life, the medicine is administered 1 time per day. The dose is calculated using the formula 20-50 mg/kg/day. The highest dose is 50 mg/kg (which is due to the underdevelopment of the enzyme system).

The optimal dosage for children under 12 years of age (including infants) is also selected depending on weight. The daily dose varies from 20 to 75 mg/kg. For children weighing more than 50 kg, Ceftriaxone is prescribed in the same dose as for adults.

Doses greater than 50 mg/kg should be administered as an intravenous infusion over at least 30 minutes.

For bacterial meningitis, treatment begins with a single dose of 100 mg/kg/day. The highest dose is 4 g. As soon as the pathogen is isolated and its sensitivity to the drug is determined, the dose is reduced.

Reviews about the drug (in particular, about its use in children) allow us to conclude that the drug is very effective and affordable, but its significant drawback is severe pain at the injection site. As for side effects, according to the patients themselves, there are no more of them than with any other antibiotic.

How many days to inject the drug?

The duration of treatment depends on what pathogenic microflora causes the disease, as well as on the characteristics of the clinical picture. If the causative agent is Gram (-) diplococci of the genus Neisseria, the best results can be achieved in 4 days, if enterobacteria are sensitive to the drug - in 10-14 days.

Ceftriaxone injections, instructions for use. How to dilute the drug?

Lidocaine solution (1 or 2%) or water for injection (d/i).

When using water d/i, it should be taken into account that intramuscular injections of the drug are very painful, so if the solvent is water, there will be discomfort both during the injection and for some time after it.

Water for diluting the powder is usually taken in cases where the use of Lidocaine is impossible due to the patient being allergic to it.

The best option is a one percent solution of Lidocaine. It is better to use water as an adjuvant when diluting the drug with Lidocaine 2%.

Is it possible to dilute Novocaine with Ceftriaxone?

Novocaine , when used to dilute the drug, reduces the activity of the antibiotic, while at the same time increasing the likelihood of the patient developing anaphylactic shock .

Based on the reviews of the patients themselves, they note that Lidocaine is better than Novocaine in relieving pain when Ceftriaxone is administered.

In addition, the use of a non-freshly prepared solution of Ceftriaxone with Novocaine increases pain during injection (the solution remains stable for 6 hours after preparation).

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine?

If Novocain is used as a solvent, it is taken in a volume of 5 ml per 1 g of the drug. If you take a smaller amount of Novocaine, the powder may not completely dissolve, and the syringe needle will become clogged with lumps of medicine.

Dilution with Lidocaine 1%

For injection into the muscle, 0.5 g of the drug is dissolved in 2 ml of a one percent solution of Lidocaine (the contents of one ampoule); For 1 g of the drug take 3.6 ml of solvent.

The dosage of 0.25 g is diluted in the same way as 0.5 g, that is, with the contents of 1 ampoule of 1% Lidocaine. After this, the finished solution is drawn into different syringes, half the volume in each.

The medicine is injected deep into the gluteal muscle (no more than 1 g in each buttock).

The drug diluted with Lidocaine is not intended for intravenous administration. It is allowed to be injected strictly into the muscle.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone injections with Lidocaine 2%?

To dilute 1 g of the drug, take 1.8 ml of water and two percent Lidocaine. To dilute 0.5 g of the drug, also mix 1.8 ml of Lidocaine with 1.8 ml of water, but only half of the resulting solution (1.8 ml) is used for dissolution. To dilute 0.25 g of the drug, take 0.9 ml of a solvent prepared in a similar way.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone for intramuscular administration in children?

This method of intramuscular injection is practically not used in pediatric practice, since Ceftriaxone with Novocaine can cause severe anaphylactic shock in a child, and in combination with Lidocaine, it can contribute to the occurrence of convulsions and disruption of the heart.

For this reason, the optimal solvent when using the drug in children is ordinary water. The impossibility of using painkillers in childhood requires an even slower and more careful administration of the medicine in order to reduce pain during the injection.

Dilution for intravenous administration

For intravenous administration, 1 g of the drug is dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water (sterile). The drug is administered slowly over 2-4 minutes.

Dilution for intravenous infusion

When carrying out infusion therapy, the drug is administered for at least half an hour. To prepare a solution, 2 g of powder is diluted in 40 ml of a Ca-free solution: dextrose (5 or 10%), NaCl (0.9%), fructose (5%).

Additionally

Ceftriaxone is intended exclusively for parenteral administration: manufacturers do not produce tablets and suspensions due to the fact that the antibiotic, when in contact with body tissues, is highly active and severely irritates them.

Doses for animals

The dosage for cats and dogs is selected taking into account the body weight of the animal. As a rule, it is 30-50 mg/kg.

If a 0.5 g bottle is used, 1 ml of two percent Lidocaine and 1 ml of water d/i (or 2 ml of Lidocaine 1%) should be added to it. After vigorously shaking the medicine until the lumps are completely dissolved, it is drawn into a syringe and injected into the muscle or under the skin of the sick animal.

The dosage for a cat (Ceftriaxone 0.5 g is usually used for small animals - cats, kittens, etc.), if the doctor prescribed 40 mg of Ceftriaxone per 1 kg of weight, is 0.16 ml/kg.

For dogs (and other large animals), take bottles of 1 g. The solvent is taken in a volume of 4 ml (2 ml Lidocaine 2% + 2 ml water for injection). For a dog weighing 10 kg, if the dose is 40 mg/kg, you need to administer 1.6 ml of the prepared solution.

If it is necessary to administer Ceftriaxone intravenously through a catheter, sterile distilled water is used for dilution.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine and water

To dilute 1 g of Ceftriaxone with 2% Lidocaine and water you need:

Open an ampoule containing 2 ml of water for injection and draw the contents into a 5 ml syringe.
Open the ampoule with 2 ml of 2% Lidocaine and add the solution to the same syringe.
Remove the protective cap from Ceftriaxone and pierce the rubber cap with a needle.
Inject the entire contents of the syringe into the bottle.
Shake the mixture of antibiotic and solvent vigorously until the solution becomes completely clear (the needle and syringe do not detach).

Then you should fill the syringe with the entire solution or the required amount, change the needle and inject into the buttock muscle (upper outer quadrant). It is best to prepare Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine and water for one injection, but it happens that only half of the prepared solution is used. Then the remainder in the bottle is placed in the refrigerator.

Watch the video on how to dilute Ceftritaxone:

Interaction

In one volume, it is pharmaceutically incompatible with other antimicrobial agents.

By suppressing intestinal microflora, it prevents the formation of vitamin K . For this reason, the use of the drug in combination with drugs that reduce platelet aggregation (sulfinpyrazone, NSAIDs) may provoke bleeding.

The same feature of Ceftriaxone enhances the effect of anticoagulants when used together.

In combination with loop diuretics, the risk of nephrotoxicity increases.

Release form and solutions for diluting the antibiotic

Like most antibiotics, the active substance of the drug Ceftriaxone is not supplied in the form of a ready-made solution, but in the form of a slightly yellowish or white crystalline powder. It is placed in transparent glass bottles with a rubberized stopper and an aluminum cap. This was done for reasons of preserving the activity of the active substance - ceftriaxone. The powder is easily soluble in water (dissolution time should be no more than 2 minutes according to the standard), very slightly soluble in ethanol. The resulting substance varies in color from light yellow to amber, depending on the shelf life, the type of solvent used and the concentration of the drug.

Novocaine

The drug is dispensed from pharmacies in bottles of 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 grams in the form of sterile sodium salt of Ceftriaxone. The most common dosage is 1 g. The instructions for medical use of the drug say that this medicine can be administered exclusively parenterally: intravenously or intramuscularly. Once in the body using one of these methods, the drug is completely absorbed and bioavailability is 100%. The powder can be diluted with water for injection or anesthetics (Lidocaine, Novocaine). These are common liquids for diluting antibiotics. The choice of solution depends on the route of entry of the drug into the body. If a doctor writes a prescription for Ceftriaxone for intramuscular administration, then it is permissible to use any of these solutions. If the medicine must be administered intravenously, the only liquid allowed is water for injection. Lidocaine and Novocaine are strictly prohibited for this purpose.

special instructions

The drug is used in a hospital setting. In patients who are on hemodialysis, as well as with simultaneous severe hepatic and renal failure, plasma concentrations of Ceftriaxone should be kept under control.

With long-term treatment, regular monitoring of the peripheral blood picture and indicators characterizing the function of the kidneys and liver is required.

Sometimes (rarely) an ultrasound of the gallbladder may show shadows that indicate the presence of sediment. The darkening disappears after stopping the course of treatment.

vitamin K in addition to Ceftriaxone .

If there is an imbalance of water and electrolytes, as well as arterial hypertension , the level of sodium in the blood plasma should be monitored. If the treatment is long-term, the patient is advised to undergo a general blood test.

Like other cephalosporins, the drug has the ability to displace bilirubin , and therefore it is used with caution in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia (and, in particular, in premature infants).

The drug does not affect the speed of neuromuscular conduction.

Ceftriaxone analogues, what can replace the drug?

Level 4 ATC code matches:
Cephosin

Lendatsin

Medakson

Loprax

Cefixime

Lorakson

Sulperazon

Cefoperazone

Rocephin

Tsedex

Fortum

Ceftazidime

Cefotaxime

Cefix

Ceforal Solutab

Pantsef

Claforan

Cefodox

Suprax Solutab

Analogues of Ceftriaxone in injections:

Ceftriaxone-LEKSVM (Kabi, Jodas, KMP, Promed, Vial, Elfa)
Ceftriabol
Tsefson
Cefaxon
Torotsef
Hizon
Cephogram
Medakson
Lorakson
Ifitsef

Analogues in tablets:

Pantsef
Suprax Solutab
Ceforal Solutab
Cefpotec
Spectraceph

Ceftriaxone or Cefazolin - which is better?

Both drugs belong to the cephalosporin group, but Ceftriaxone is a third-generation antibiotic, and Cefazolin is a first-generation drug.

An important feature of first generation cephalosporin antibiotics is that they are not effective against listeria and enterococci, have a narrow spectrum of action and a low level of activity against gram(-) bacteria.

Cefazolin is used mainly in surgery for perioperative prophylaxis, as well as for the treatment of soft tissue and skin infections.

Its prescription for the treatment of infections of the genitourinary system and respiratory tract cannot be considered as justified, which is associated with a narrow spectrum of antimicrobial activity and high resistance to it among potential pathogens.

Which is better: Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime?

Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone are the basic antimicrobial agents of the third generation cephalosporin group. The drugs are almost identical in their bactericidal properties.

Why is the antibiotic dissolved with the anesthetic Procaine?

Real Ceftriaxone is sold only in powder form. But this antibiotic is intended for intramuscular or intravenous administration. Injections require liquid solutions. Ceftriaxone can be diluted with either distilled water or anesthetics.

Ceftriaxone can be diluted with distilled water. But in this case, when administered intravenously or intramuscularly, the patient experiences severe pain. Therefore, the anesthetic Novocaine or Lidocaine is used as a solvent. The latter is more preferable because it is less allergic.

The doctor chooses which analgesic to use as a solvent, but it depends on:

From the place where the doctor recommended injecting the medicine.
From the tolerance of one of the anesthetics. Therefore, before prescribing injections, a test is made to determine the tolerance of the anesthetic substance.

Is it possible to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine? It can be diluted if there are no contraindications to the use of an analgesic. Recommendations for the use of the solvent are given by the attending physician. You need to understand that both remedies can provoke severe allergies.

Initially, you need to study the instructions, then you can start preparing the medicine. The diluted medicine should be used only in the amount recommended by the doctor.

Ceftriaxone during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The drug is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy. If it is necessary to prescribe to a nursing woman, the child should be switched to formula.

Reviews of Ceftriaxone during pregnancy confirm that the drug is indeed a very powerful and very effective antibacterial agent that can not only cure the underlying disease, but also prevent the development of its complications.

Considering that the drug (like other antibiotics) has side effects, it is prescribed only in cases where potential complications of the disease could be more harmful than the use of the drug (in particular, for infections of the urogenital tract, to which pregnant women are very susceptible).

When can Ceftriaxone be diluted with saline solution?

The main use of saline solution for diluting Ceftriaxone is as an intravenous injection or drip. This is because 0.9% sodium chloride solution has the same salt concentration as blood. That's why it is also called isotonic. It does not disturb the water-salt balance and maintains normal osmotic blood pressure. Saline solution is also needed to refill the nebulizer if Ceftriaxone is recommended for inhalation.

In all other cases, the use of 0.9% sodium chloride solution is not essential. For an injection into a muscle or external use of an antibiotic (for example, treating a purulent wound), you can dissolve the powder with water for injection. Usually, when prescribing a drug, the doctor must indicate the required type of solvent.

Ceftriaxone

Saline

Reviews of Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone is a potent antibiotic (reviews from doctors confirm this fact), which helps cure the disease in a short time and with a minimum number of side effects. It is allowed to be used for children and during pregnancy (exception - 1st trimester).

According to the patients themselves, the main disadvantage of the drug is that the injections are very painful.

In reviews of Ceftriaxone injections for children, to facilitate the procedure, mothers (on the advice of the attending physician) are recommended to use Emla , which is a local anesthetic. It is applied in about half an hour to the intended injection site.

Features of Ceftriaxone injections

The preparation procedure for the drug is simple. Knowing the precautions and important aspects in the technology of dilution and use of the antibiotic, you can correctly prepare the composition of the required concentration.

The good news is that both Ceftriaxone and the sterile diluent for it can be easily purchased at a regular pharmacy with a doctor's prescription.

Ceftriaxone price, where to buy

How much does an antibiotic cost in Russian pharmacies? The price of Ceftriaxone injections varies depending on which company produces it, as well as the number of ampoules in each package and the concentration of the active substance in the vial.

The price of Ceftriaxone in Russian pharmacies is from 30 rubles per bottle.

The price of Ceftriaxone in Ukraine is from 15 UAH. per bottle of 1 g. At the same time, there is no significant difference between prices in the capital's pharmacies and pharmacies in other cities (Kharkov, Dnepropetrovsk, Lvov).

It is impossible to buy Ceftriaxone tablets. The drug is intended exclusively for parenteral administration.

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Ceftriaxone-Darnitsa 1 g No. 5 solution PrAT” Pharmaceutical company “Darnitsa”, Ukraine
72 UAH order
Ceftriaxone 1.0 g No. 1 powder AT Lekhim-Kharkiv, Ukraine
13 UAH order

PaniPharmacy

Ceftriaxone bottle Ceftriaxone sodium salt powder for injection 1g Ukraine, Kievmedpreparat OJSC
169 UAH order
CEFTRIAXONE bottle Ceftriaxone powder for injection 1g No. 5 Ukraine, Lekhim-Kharkov JSC
74 UAH order
Ceftriaxone bottle Ceftriaxone sodium salt powder for injection 0.5g Ukraine, Kievmedpreparat OJSC
110 UAH order
Ceftriaxone bottle Ceftriaxone powder for injection 1g bottles No. 40 Ukraine, Darnitsa ChAO
681 UAH order
CEFTRIAXONE bottle Ceftriaxone powder for injection 1g Ukraine, Lekhim-Kharkov JSC
15 UAH order

General rules for diluting Ceftriaxone injections with Novocaine

When diluting Ceftriaxone with Novocaine, it is important to follow the injection rules:

all manipulations are carried out under sterile conditions;
hands are washed thoroughly with antibacterial soap (apply and rinse at least three times), dry with a towel;
you need to use sterile gloves; if they are not available, wipe your fingers with alcohol and then you should not touch any objects except the syringe and ampoules;
be sure to check the labels on the bottle of Ceftriaxone and on the ampoule of the solvent, compare the batch and expiration date with the packaging;
After dissolving the antibiotic with Novocaine, it is recommended to change the needle before the injection.

It is better to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine immediately before injection and take no more than 1000 mg of powder and 5 ml of solvent at a time.

How to dilute Novocain

Novocaine for injection is taken only 0.5%, and animals use a 0.25% solution. In pharmacies, the first drug is most often sold in ampoules, and the second is presented in bottles of 200 and 400 ml. There is also a release form with a higher content of active substance - 2%, 2 ml. If for some reason it was not possible to buy a 0.5% solution, then it is allowed to dilute a 2% solution, then for one injection you need to take 1 ml of 2% Novocaine and 4 ml of water for injection.

Requirements for intramuscular administration

Novocaine can be used exclusively for intramuscular administration, and for intravenous injections or droppers, saline solution, water or 5% glucose are used. Basic requirements for injections into the muscle:

select the upper outer quadrant (the buttock is visually divided horizontally into the upper and lower halves, then the same right and left parts vertically);
there should be no lumps or pain at the injection site;
the syringe is inserted at a right angle (perpendicular), and the needle is immersed 3/4 of the entire length;
In order to avoid pain, swelling and hardening, you need to release the antibiotic solution into the muscle very slowly.

Intramuscular injection technique