Description of the drug
The Pentaxim vaccine is one of the most modern combined vaccines, which allows you to simultaneously protect a child from five dangerous infections. Pentaxim belongs to a new generation of acellular (cell-free) vaccines that replaced cellular (cellular) vaccines. Acellular vaccines are less reactogenic because are devoid of bacterial membrane lipopolysaccharides that cause reactions after vaccination. Pentaxim is a highly immunogenic vaccine, i.e. giving a high immune response of the body after vaccination.
Pentaxim is a combination vaccine containing adsorbed acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine, inactivated polio vaccine and a vaccine for the prevention of Haemophilus influenzae type b. This allows one injection to immunize a child against whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus, polio and diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae (meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia, epiglottitis, etc.).
The presence of five components in one vaccine allows you to minimize the number of injections, thereby significantly reducing pain in the child.
Contraindications
Only a doctor can decide whether Pentaxim is suitable for vaccination
Pentaxim is contraindicated if there is a history of an allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine, as well as if the patient:
Progressive encephalopathy, accompanied by or without seizures. Encephalopathy that develops within 7 days after administration of any vaccine containing Bordetella pertussis antigens.
Directions for use and doses
Primary vaccination is carried out according to the Russian Federation preventive vaccination calendar at 3, 4.5 and 6 months, revaccination at 18 months. On the recommendation of a doctor, vaccination and booster immunization (re-vaccination) can be carried out according to an individual schedule. A single dose of the vaccine is 0.5 ml.
If the child is not currently scheduled to be vaccinated against hemophilus influenzae, it is possible to use only the vaccine in a syringe for the prevention of diphtheria and tetanus; whooping cough and poliomyelitis, without diluting it in a bottle with a lyophilisate containing 1 dose of Haemophilus influenzae B polysaccharide conjugated with tetanus toxoid.
What not to do after Pentaxim vaccination: time restrictions
There are a number of prohibitions that are important to observe:
- You should not visit public places for several days before and after vaccination. This is necessary to ensure that the child does not catch the virus and get sick, since excess stress on the immune system can lead to negative health consequences;
- You should not take vitamin D for 5 days after immunization (and 3-4 days before it). This is due to the fact that it participates in calcium metabolism, on which the severity of any allergic reactions in the body directly depends;
- antihistamines, if necessary, should be prescribed by a doctor. However, after vaccination, experts do not advise giving preference to Tavegil and Suprastin, since taking them dries out the mucous membranes. Suitable, for example, are Zyrtec or Fenistil, which do not have such an effect;
- Under no circumstances should you offer your child new foods and dishes, as this may provoke a severe allergic reaction against the background of recent immunization;
- It is not recommended to treat the injection site or make compresses. Swelling, redness, tenderness and slight swelling are completely normal.
Parents often ask: is it possible to give their child antibacterial drugs if they have recently been vaccinated? We answer: such medications are prescribed only in certain cases and strictly by a doctor. This means that the child is sick and will not be able to recover without antibiotics.
Recent immunization is not a contraindication to taking antibacterial drugs. They also cannot influence the effectiveness of vaccination.
Compatibility with other vaccines
The Pentaxim vaccine can be administered simultaneously with all drugs from the national calendar of preventive vaccinations on the same day, in different parts of the body, with the exception of the BCG vaccine. The use of the Pentaxim vaccine together with other vaccinations does not affect their immunogenicity (ability to develop immunity). Tolerability of vaccines does not deteriorate, and the number of adverse reactions does not increase. Pentaxim can be used to continue and complete a course of vaccination started with other vaccines against whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus, polio and Haemophilus influenzae.
Administering several vaccines on the same day does not place an excessive burden on the immune system. All vaccines in the Russian national vaccination calendar are interchangeable.
Is quarantine necessary after vaccination?
If parents have such an opportunity, then for several days before and after vaccination it is better to refrain from visiting kindergarten or school.
During this period, you should not invite guests home, even if they claim to be healthy, because many infections have a long latent period.
A short quarantine is not strictly necessary, however, by limiting the child’s contact with other children and strangers, mom and dad can be sure that the child’s immune system will “work” precisely to produce antigens for the components of the vaccine, and not to fight viruses and bacteria , coming from outside.
A short quarantine will ensure not only easier tolerance of vaccination, but also its greatest effectiveness.
Vaccination scheme
The course of primary vaccination consists of 3 doses of vaccine and revaccination. Immunization schedule: first administration, then the second after 45 days from the first, then the third after 45 days from the second and revaccination a year after the third is completed. The use of the vaccine is not clearly related to age. It is important to comply with vaccination dates. If the deadlines are extended, vaccination will not be resumed.
Violation of the vaccination schedule can lead to a decrease in the intensity of immunity to the components of the vaccine. The hemophilic component of the Pentaxim vaccine for children over one year of age is administered once. Therefore, as soon as a child over one year old is injected with the Pentaxim vaccine with a hemophilus influenzae component, it is the last one for immunization against hemophilus influenzae infection. Further prevention of diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus and polio with the Pentaxim vaccine in a child older than one year is carried out without the use of the hemophilic component.
Rules of behavior after vaccination Pentaxim
The Pentaxim vaccination is the French analogue of the Russian DTP. The European vaccine is well-tolerated, but reactions and complications may also occur after it.
To reduce the risk of negative consequences, it is important to follow a number of simple rules. Let's talk about them in more detail:
- You must stay in a medical facility for half an hour after administration of the immunodrug. This is important, since it is in the first 30 minutes that the most severe (anaphylactic) reactions can occur, dangerous to the life and health of the child. However, staying within the walls of a hospital, where there is a high risk of contracting an infection, is not recommended - it is better to take a walk outside;
- On the day of vaccination, it is important to limit water procedures. This is especially true for open reservoirs, rivers, swimming pools and other similar places. If it is hot outside and the child is sweating a lot, you can wipe the child with a damp sponge without touching the injection site, and then dry with a towel;
- It is important to abstain from food for one hour after the injection. You can drink water. If you need to calm a crying baby, it is better to buy him a toy than ice cream, chips or another favorite treat. Food restrictions should be maintained for at least one more day after vaccination. This means that food should be light and given in smaller quantities than usual. Those who are on breastfeeding are recommended to keep less at the breast, and those who are artificially fed are recommended to dilute fewer spoons of the mixture than the manufacturer recommends, with the same volume of water;
- You can take walks under two conditions: the weather conditions are comfortable outside, that is, there is no sweltering heat or extreme cold, the baby feels well, and his body temperature is no higher than 37.5 degrees. You need to walk where there are not a lot of people, or better yet, alone;
- Maintaining an adequate drinking regime is another important rule. It is worth offering your baby clean water more often than usual during the post-vaccination period;
- When the body temperature is elevated, you should not give your child Aspirin, since in young children it often leads to the development of complications. It is better to give preference to Ibuprofen or Paracetamol.
There are several situations in which a vaccinated child needs to call a doctor. These include: high body temperature that is not controlled by medications, repeated vomiting or diarrhea, severe swelling, suppuration or compaction (more than 3 cm in diameter) at the injection site. In case of convulsions, severe hyperthermia (up to 40 degrees), fainting, as well as other life-threatening conditions, it is necessary to call an ambulance.
How is vaccination carried out?
Vaccination is carried out in a vaccination room, in compliance with all sanitary requirements. All drugs are certified. A certificate for the drug is provided upon request.
Without reminders, before vaccination, the medical worker must show the drug and the expiration date of the vaccine.
Only sterile and disposable instruments are used. The vaccination must be carried out using disposable medical gloves.
On the day of vaccination, the child is examined by a pediatrician and the temperature is measured. In the absence of contraindications, vaccination is carried out. Information about the vaccination performed is entered into the card, vaccination certificate, and detailed recommendations for caring for the child in the post-vaccination period are given.
Before vaccination, the doctor will answer all your questions. Be sure to bring information about previous vaccinations to your appointment!
Please note that vaccination of a child, Mantoux test, Diaskintest can only be carried out in the presence of parents or legal representatives of the child (guardians), or if the accompanying person has a NOTARIZED power of attorney to carry out the manipulation (indicating the drug planned for administration) . Otherwise, vaccination will be denied. We comply with the laws of the Russian Federation.
Only here!
What happens if the vaccine is transported and stored incorrectly at home?
If Pentaxim is incorrectly transported or stored at home, the drug may deteriorate.
Therefore, it is important to strictly follow all the rules for saving the vaccine that the manufacturer indicates in the instructions.
Spoiled antigenic material will lose its properties and become useless. Getting vaccinated with this drug can be dangerous. When the solution is introduced into a fragile body, the risk of developing severe allergies increases.
When overheated, Pentaxim loses its immunogenicity. When frozen, microcracks may appear on the surface of a glass bottle or syringe. If the integrity of the container is compromised, pathogens penetrate its contents.
The use of such a drug can cause infection of the entire body. The effect of spoiled Pentaxim can be unpredictable and even lead to death. To protect yourself from the negative consequences of immunization, you must use a suitable drug.
Experts advise that when purchasing or ordering a vaccine, check with the seller the following points:
- shelf life of Pentaxim;
- at what temperature was the drug stored;
- how the product was delivered (what Pentaxim was transported in, what the temperature was during transportation).
It is important to check that the supplier is certified and licensed.
The following signs indicate that the vaccine is spoiled:
- the vaccine has expired;
- the integrity of the bottle or syringe is damaged;
- the suspension for injection is heterogeneous, contains flakes, and is cloudy.
Doctors can easily determine the suitability of a drug. Therefore, you should trust the medical staff. It is not recommended to inject purchased Pentaxim yourself.
