Is it possible to walk after vaccination with DPT and Komarovsky hepatitis?

Doctor Komarovsky’s opinion on DTP vaccination

DPT vaccination is most often discussed by parents of children.
Hundreds of thousands of mothers and fathers speak out for and against this vaccination on numerous Internet platforms. Some tell scary stories about how a child with a high fever suffered a vaccination, others say that they did not notice any reaction at all in their child to the administration of a biological drug. DTP has its opponents and supporters, and quite often the question is raised whether it is necessary to do DTP at all. On this topic, quite often it is necessary to give a qualified answer to Evgeniy Komarovsky, a pediatrician of the highest category, well-known throughout Russia and the former CIS countries.

Treatment of redness and swelling at the injection site

Most vaccinations result in more or less severe redness or swelling at the injection site. The most severe local reaction to vaccination is observed in the case of DTP (redness, swelling and pain at the injection site) and BCG (formation of a long-lasting non-healing ulcer). For all types of vaccinations, it is recommended to avoid any local treatment for redness or swelling at the injection site. If the child scratches the injection site, it can be covered with a light gauze bandage. At the site of the DTP, a compaction often forms, located deep in the muscle - a “bump”. Often such a lump is painful, and the child easily limps on one leg (if the vaccine was injected into the thigh). The formation of a dense “bump” after DPT is considered a normal reaction and does not require any treatment. Within a few weeks, the lump will resolve on its own.

What it is

The DPT vaccination is one of the very first in a child’s life; it is done at an early age, and therefore the very fact of this vaccination raises many questions and doubts among parents of infants. The name of the vaccine consists of the first letters of the names of the three most dangerous infectious diseases for children - whooping cough (K), diphtheria (D) and tetanus (C). The letter A in the acronym stands for “adsorbed.” In other words, the vaccine contains the maximum amount of active substances obtained by adsorption (when a high concentration is achieved from a gas or liquid on the surface of contact of two media).

Thus, the adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (DTP) is designed to stimulate the production of specific antibodies to the listed infections in the baby’s body. The immune system will “get to know” the microbes that cause whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus, and in the future, if such pests enter the body, it will be able to quickly identify, recognize and destroy them.

How long after a child is allowed to walk and bathe after vaccination with Pentaxim?

Pentaxim is an imported vaccine against whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus, which is accompanied by fewer side effects (we recommend reading: differences between the Pentaxim and Infanrix Hexa vaccinations). In most children, the temperature rises within 24 hours after the injection and gradually decreases over a period of 3 to 72 hours.

As with other serums of this group, it is not advisable to bathe the child and walk with him during the first two days after vaccination. The baby needs to be given the most gentle treatment possible to protect him from infection with viruses and bacteria.

In children who tolerate other vaccinations well, fever and other side effects after Pentaxim are not excluded. Due to the gradual accumulation of antibodies to serum components in the body, children react most acutely to the fourth revaccination.

If the temperature remains within normal limits within 24 hours after the injection, the next day an hour-long walk in the fresh air is allowed, provided the weather is good and you feel normal. If necessary, you can bathe the child. It is not prohibited to wet the injection site itself - contact with water does not pose a threat.

Vaccine composition

DTP includes several types of biological material:

• Diphtheria toxoid . This is a biological material obtained from a toxin, but does not have independent toxic properties. There are 30 units of it in a vaccine dose.
• Tetanus toxoid . A drug obtained in the laboratory based on a toxin that affects the body during tetanus. It is non-toxic in itself. DTP contains 10 units.
• Whooping cough germs . These are the real pathogens of whooping cough, only previously killed and inactive. 1 ml of DTP vaccine contains about 20 billion.

Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids are included in the drug because it is not so much the causative agents of these diseases that are scary for a child, but rather their toxins, which begin to be produced as soon as the microbes are activated in the child’s body. Dead pertussis bacilli are the most active component of the drug; it is to this that children often experience a reaction after vaccination.

Why can't you go for a walk after vaccinations? Vaccinations: safety precautions

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What is vaccination

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Rules to follow after vaccination

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Possible complications after vaccinations

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When not to vaccinate

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Why you can’t go for a walk after vaccinations

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When to do it?

DTP is included in the National Vaccination Calendar, which implies certain vaccination dates, which Dr. Komarovsky strongly advises against violating. Children do it three times. The first time is when the baby reaches three months of age. Then at 4.5 months and six months. If the first vaccination for some reason did not take place (the child was sick, a quarantine was declared for influenza or ARVI), then they begin to vaccinate him from now on, strictly observing the interval between vaccinations from 30 to 45 days).

Revaccination should take place one year after the third administration. If the baby goes according to schedule, then at one and a half years, but if he received the first vaccination later than the due date, then 12 months after the third vaccination.

The child will have to face DPT at the age of seven, and then at the age of 14, these will be one-time booster vaccinations necessary to ensure that the level of antibodies to tetanus and diphtheria is maintained at the proper level.

Children who are already 4 years old, as well as older children, if necessary, are given an ADS vaccine that is devoid of killed pertussis germs. Children who have already had whooping cough will be vaccinated with the same vaccine.

How to prepare for DTP vaccination

To create lasting immunity against the listed diseases, in our country children under two years of age are vaccinated with DTP four times. The first vaccination is carried out at the age of those months, the second - at 4-5 months, the third - at six months. The child receives the last, fourth dose at one and a half years old. Subsequent administrations of the vaccine are aimed at maintaining immunity at the level necessary for protection and should take place between 6 and 7 and at 14 years of age, with further revaccination carried out every ten years.

It is often impossible to strictly adhere to the vaccination schedule, due to childhood illnesses or the lack of vaccines in the required period of time. Then the following principle should be observed: between the previous and subsequent vaccinations there should be a period of time of at least thirty to forty-five days. The last, fourth DPT vaccination can be done one year after the third. Contraindications to the administration of the DTP vaccine are all acute conditions, allergies to its components, and a sharp decrease in immunity.

The use of this vaccine is more often than others accompanied by an increase in temperature and the development of local reactions at the injection site. Therefore, parents should stock up on all necessary medications in advance and have them on hand if necessary. These are antipyretic drugs based on paracetamol and ibuprofen, antihistamines and analgesics.

Children with manifestations of diathesis and prone to allergic reactions can be given antihistamines in a standard dose appropriate for age two days before vaccination. After vaccination, when you come home, you can give your baby a candle with an antipyretic drug to prevent temperature spikes.

Control her. Continue taking your allergy medications. On the second day after the vaccine is administered, antipyretic drugs can be given only when the temperature rises significantly, and antihistamines can continue to be taken. By the third day, when body temperature usually returns to normal, all medications can be discontinued.

At the time of vaccination, the child must be absolutely healthy; even minor manifestations of malaise are a reason to postpone the administration of DTP. You should not feed your child before vaccination. Make sure your baby has a bowel movement before vaccination. Dress your baby according to the weather; do not over-insulate the child.

Komarovsky about DPT

Evgeny Komarovsky advises worried and doubtful parents to carefully read the issue, and advises those who are against vaccination in general to reconsider their views. Because DPT, according to the doctor, is a highly effective way to protect the baby from diseases dangerous to his health and the only reasonable choice for mothers and fathers.

In this video episode, Dr. Komarovsky will tell us everything he thinks about the need for DTP vaccination

Like any prevention, vaccination with adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine requires some preparation and parental readiness for possible problems. However, they are completely surmountable, Komarovsky emphasizes, if you follow a certain algorithm of actions.

Taking the drug into account

First of all, parents should be aware of which manufacturer’s vaccine their child will be vaccinated with. Today there are many such drugs, they have their pros and cons, but there are no frankly bad vaccines on the pharmaceutical market at the moment. Parents are in no way able to influence the choice of vaccine, since the drug is delivered centrally to clinics. DTP vaccination, which is given free of charge.

Now let’s listen to Dr. Komarovsky on the topic of complications after vaccinations

However, mothers and fathers can go the other way and ask the pediatrician to vaccinate the baby with Tetracok and Infanrix; these drugs are expensive, and such vaccination is done exclusively at the expense of the parents. Komarovsky, based on personal experience, claims that there are many children who get whooping cough after a timely DTP. However, in his practice, there were only isolated cases of this disease in children vaccinated with Infanrix or Tetrakok.

Preparation

Evgeniy Komarovsky emphasizes that it is the parents who should assess the baby’s condition in the first place, and if doubts arise, be sure to tell the doctor about them at the next appointment.

It is advisable to do a general blood test a few days before the expected date of vaccination. The results of such a study will help the pediatrician understand whether everything is okay with the baby.

Komarovsky advises children with allergic dermatitis to do DTP only after no new skin rashes have appeared for 21 days. First, a child prone to severe allergies can be given an antihistamine, the name of which and the exact dosage should be prescribed by a pediatrician. Self-dealing in this matter is unforgivable. However, Evgeniy Olegovich advises not to take Suprastin and Tavegil, since these medications “dry” the mucous membranes, and this is fraught with complications after an injection on the respiratory tract.

Monitor your child's bowel movements. The day before the vaccination, on the day and the next day, the baby should walk large so that the intestines are not overloaded. This helps the baby to survive DPT more easily. If there was no stool, you can do an enema a day before going to the clinic or give your child age-appropriate laxatives.

It will be better if the mother reduces the amount of food during these three days, reduces its calorie content and does not overfeed the child. For bottle-fed babies, Komarovsky recommends diluting the dry formula in a concentration lower than that stated by the manufacturer, and advises those who are breastfed to suck out less milk, giving warm drinking water as a “supplementary feed”. According to Komarovsky’s observations, it is those who breastfeed rather than formula-fed who tolerate the vaccine more easily. Before the injection, it is better not to feed the child for 2 hours.

Vitamin D, if the baby takes it additionally, should be stopped 3-4 days before the expected vaccination. After vaccination, you need to wait at least five days to start taking the vitamin again.

Do not dress your child too warmly before the clinic. A vaccine is more likely to harm a sweaty baby with a lack of fluid in the body than a baby dressed for the season and weather.

Actions of parents after vaccination with DPT or Pentaxim

The DTP vaccine is a vaccination against three serious diseases: whooping cough, tetanus and diphtheria. It is this that causes a huge amount of controversy, since it is considered the most reactive. Vaccination is often quite difficult for children to tolerate: the temperature rises, up to 39 degrees, allergic reactions, leg pain and other side effects often occur.

In public clinics, free of charge, the child is given a separate DPT vaccination and is given drops against polio separately. The imported vaccine Pentaxim is designed to protect babies from five diseases at once. These include whooping cough, tetanus, polio, diphtheria and diseases caused by the bacteria Haemophilus influenzae type b. They cause pneumonia and meningitis.

Regardless of the type of injection given, doctors strongly recommend that you follow all of their instructions immediately after vaccination. Especially when it comes to walking and water treatments.

Why can't you go for a walk on the day of vaccination?

From time immemorial, there has been an opinion that it is not recommended to go for a walk after any vaccination. Doctors have different opinions on this matter. Thus, Dr. Komarovsky strongly recommends going out into the fresh air both in summer and winter. Let's consider several points of view on this matter.

After vaccination, the body is busy developing immunity against the diseases inoculated into it. There is no need for extra workload and unwanted contacts now. Neglecting these rules can result in a more serious illness. It will not be the vaccine that is to blame, but the mother.

For some time after vaccination with Pentaxim, you cannot attend kindergarten and clubs. In a large group, viruses spread faster, which means a vaccinated baby is much more vulnerable than his friends. If the DTP went without complications, then on the third day you can send the child to a preschool institution.

Walking schedule for a child after DTP

The day after vaccination requires complete abstinence from walking. It is quite possible that a baby, including a newborn, will not have a reaction to the vaccine at all. The ban on walking is due to the fact that a vaccinated child needs to be observed a little. If there is no fever or other side effects, you can go for a walk the next day.

A walk after DTP is carried out in compliance with a special routine:

1. Exit in favorable weather: in summer no more than +20 degrees with air humidity 40% or less, in winter up to -10, provided that there is no strong wind outside.
2. You can walk for no more than an hour the day after vaccination. The child should not have a fever. Some pediatricians allow the possibility of going out into the fresh air with newborns if the temperature does not rise above 37.5 degrees.
3. There is no need to wrap the child up. The baby may sweat, which will negatively affect the injection site. It may become red, slightly swollen and cause discomfort. In addition, there is a risk of artificially raising the baby’s temperature.
4. Walks should be calm, with a minimum amount of outdoor games. It is important to avoid playgrounds and refuse to visit shopping centers: all this can provoke unwanted reactions in a newly vaccinated body. It’s also better not to visit at this time.

Is it possible to bathe a child and walk with him after a polio vaccination?

Normally, the polio vaccine does not cause a reaction. If it was done separately, then there are no restrictions on visiting the street and swimming. The baby feels well, the temperature is normal - you can safely go outside.

In public clinics, it is customary to simultaneously administer the polio vaccine in combination with severe DTP. In this case, a negative reaction may appear specifically to the latest vaccine. The same applies to the case when the baby receives Pentaxim, which includes a complex of 5 weakened bacteria.

Is it allowed to bathe a baby and walk outside after hepatitis vaccination?

The child receives the first vaccination against hepatitis while still in the maternity hospital. The baby is injected with exactly as many weakened viruses as the body can overcome. This is how immunity to hepatitis disease is developed. Revaccination is carried out when the baby is 1 month old.

The child’s body may react differently to the introduction of weakened bacilli: weakness may appear, a low temperature may rise, and the baby will be lethargic and drowsy. Of course, in this case it is better to refuse walks. You should also not bathe on the first day after the vaccine is administered.

Some pediatricians say that in the absence of any signs of illness in the baby, you can bathe and wet the injection site. On the first day, it is better to do this in the shower, and do not rub the wound with a washcloth. After bathing the child, dry with a towel and lightly blot the injection site.

Despite the fact that hepatitis vaccination is quite easily tolerated and gives a reaction in rare cases, children should start walking on the second or third day after vaccination. It is better to avoid places with large crowds of people (playgrounds, shopping centers). Attendance at clubs and sections must be limited for a time.

Walking and swimming are strictly prohibited if:

1. the child has a fever and lymph nodes are enlarged;
2. rashes appear on the skin, severe itching bothers you;
3. The baby complains of nausea.

Fever and poor health of the child after vaccination prohibit walking in the fresh air.

When is it allowed to swim and walk after a hepatitis vaccination?

Vaccination against hepatitis B is carried out at 6 months. The drug itself does not cause temperature or allergic reactions, but usually the procedure is combined with DPT and IPV vaccination. In such conditions, doctors do not allow you to wet the injection site and stay outside with the child for a long time in the next 2 days.

If the hepatitis B vaccine is given separately from other vaccines, you can swim and walk on the same day. When taking a bath is part of your baby's daily routine, it is even necessary. It is advisable to reduce the duration of water procedures - the wound should not be steamed. After contact with water, the injection site is carefully soaked with a towel to dry the surface.

During the day after vaccination against hepatitis, it is recommended not to use soap, shampoo, creams and other products. Swimming in a river, lake or pool is strictly prohibited. The injection site should not be combed, rubbed, or covered with adhesive tape.

Children with weak immune systems should avoid swimming for 3 days. This helps maintain a layer of skin that protects against infection.

Is it possible to walk and wash after vaccination with Prevenar?

Prevenar is a relatively new vaccine aimed at stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies to pneumococcal infection. It causes pneumonia, meningitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis. Vaccination with Prevenar allows you to minimize the risk of contracting these diseases.

The rules of behavior after vaccination with Prevenar do not differ from the rules of behavior after any vaccination. It is possible that parents will choose the reinsurance option and decide to stay at home with the child for a couple of days. This is advisable if the baby has a high fever reaction to the vaccine and general symptoms of malaise. It is important to remember that for children under one and a half years old, a temperature of up to 37 degrees is considered normal, so fresh air in this case will only be beneficial.

Bans on swimming after Prevenar are also not justified. Some doctors explain the ban by the risk of infection by microbes contained in running water through the wound. It has been scientifically proven that this is not the case. After vaccination, children can and should wash themselves, carefully avoiding the injection site.

Is it possible to go for a walk the next day after DPT vaccination?

To understand whether it is worth going for a walk the day after DTP, you need to consider what the vaccine is and how it affects the body.
The vaccine is an antigenic material containing toxins and killed bacterial cells. When it enters the body, the immune system begins to produce antibodies that can destroy pathogens. The defenses remain for a long time and are activated whenever the body comes into contact with bacteria.

Thanks to DPT, specific immunity to tetanus, whooping cough and diphtheria is formed. The process of producing antibodies is sometimes accompanied by fever, weakness, headache, and loss of appetite. During this period, the body becomes weakened and susceptible to infection with viral and infectious diseases.

Even a cold will be more severe after vaccination. Therefore, doctors give parents certain recommendations regarding behavior during the post-vaccination period. Some doctors are against walking the day after DTP.

Don’t swim or walk, or Where did the prohibitions come from?

Any vaccine causes a biochemical reaction that is atypical for a child’s body. For a child’s immunity, vaccination is stressful and a serious burden. During the period after vaccination, the immune system is actively producing antibodies against pathogens introduced with the drug, and its protective functions are reduced. External negative factors increase the load on the child’s body. This causes disruptions in its operation and additional complications.

Children react to vaccinations differently, and temporary changes occur at different times. Some children develop a fever that evening, while others experience side effects the next day or later. Many babies tolerate the vaccine without pathological changes, but even in such conditions the body is especially susceptible to pathogenic microorganisms.

Bathing and walking are hardening procedures that are 100% useful only for an absolutely healthy child. For example, when taking a bath, the baby's back and chest are not completely immersed in the water, but are above it. In the intervals between douches, the body is subjected to sudden cooling. When the body's defenses are weakened by the vaccine, it can lead to colds and other illnesses.

If a child is bathed in hot water after vaccination, this often causes an increase in body temperature. Also, when steaming, an infiltrate may develop - compaction at the site of drug administration.

For vaccinations that are not accompanied by a temperature reaction, refusal to take a bath is not a mandatory requirement. The main thing is not to steam, not to rub the injection site and not to delay water procedures. It is better to limit yourself to a warm evening shower.

Opinions vary on how safe it is to go outside after vaccination. Some doctors are sure that in public places and on the street the risk of getting sick is higher, others believe that the chances of getting sick are equal both at home and in the open air.

Pathogens that enter the body through injection increase its susceptibility to infection and acute immune reactions. A child can catch a virus or catch a cold even in a stuffy apartment without proper ventilation. Whether it is possible to go for a walk after vaccination directly depends on what drug was used during vaccination and how many months the baby is.

How long is it advisable to stay at home after vaccination?

Many parents are interested in how long to stay at home after vaccination/revaccination.
It all depends on the condition of the baby, weather conditions and the epidemiological situation in the country. Many doctors advise holding off on walking for 2-3 days. During this period, changes begin in the child’s body, and immunity is especially weak.

If the post-vaccination period is difficult, then you should stay at home until the adverse reactions completely disappear. In bad weather conditions (rain, high humidity, extreme heat or cold), walking is prohibited. If there is a bad epidemiological situation in the country regarding influenza or other infectious viral pathology, then it is better not to go outside for 2-3 weeks.

At this time, antibodies are produced and the body's defenses are weakened. Parents should constantly ventilate the room in which the child is located and ensure access to sunlight in the apartment.

Vaccinated against polio: when is it time to take a bath and go outside?

The percentage of typical vaccination reactions for modern drugs is minimal. When immunized against polio by the oral route, the temperature rises extremely rarely. If there is no deterioration in health or fever, you can go for a walk with your child even on the day of vaccination. Brief washing with warm water is not prohibited.

Reactions to the polio drug occur more often when polio vaccine is administered simultaneously with DTP. If a child has received both vaccinations at once, he should refrain from walking and swimming for 2-3 days.

Precautions when walking with a child outside in winter and summer

It is better to walk with a vaccinated child in early autumn or late spring. Then the weather is nice and warm outside. But for some children, the vaccination period falls in the summer or winter.

At such times, the yard may be too hot or cold. It is important to know how to organize a walk correctly in order to protect your baby from negative consequences.

Precautions when being outdoors with a child:

• do not go to crowded places. You should not attend fairs, holidays, meetings, or shops. It is better to walk in a garden or forest plantation, where there are no people and the risk of infection is minimal;
• avoid unnecessary activity. A baby can sleep in a stroller, and an older child can just calmly walk around and get some fresh air;
• Dress your baby appropriately for the weather.

What else should you not do on the first or second day after vaccination?

In the post-vaccination period, there is a high risk of complications. To minimize the likelihood of adverse reactions, you should know what not to do in the first days after DTP.

Doctors advise adhering to a number of prohibitions:

• You should not overfeed your baby on the day of vaccination and the next day. Overeating is an extra burden on the body;
• You should not dress your child in tight clothes made of synthetic materials. This can lead to inflammation and irritation of the injection site;
• Do not let the baby scratch the puncture area. The injection site may ache and itch for the first couple of days. The discomfort will go away on its own if you do not touch the injection area. When scratching a puncture, there is a risk of infection;
• If the baby is breastfed, then the mother should not introduce new dishes into her diet. It is necessary to exclude chocolate, tomatoes, citrus fruits, fish, exotic fruits and other products that have highly allergenic properties from the menu. If the child is already feeding on his own, you need to feed him only healthy foods;
• Do not bathe the child or get the puncture area wet. This prohibition is especially relevant if the baby is not feeling well or if there are drafts in the apartment;
• It is not recommended to send your child to kindergarten for a couple of days after DTP due to the high risk of infection.

Before you get vaccinated

Taking into account the fact that in the vast majority of cases, vaccinations are well tolerated by healthy children without any preparation or pre-treatment, the most important point in preparing a child for vaccination is to determine contraindications to vaccinations, that is, those cases of illness in a child in which vaccination can give serious adverse reactions. Contraindications and precautions for vaccination; in some cases, vaccination in children is either strictly prohibited or should be postponed to a later date. In order to correctly assess contraindications and precautions for vaccination in a child, it is important to follow the vaccination calendar and know in advance which vaccination should be given to the child and when. Before vaccinating your child and on the day of vaccination, read what contraindications and precautions are associated with the administration of a particular vaccination and make sure that the child does not have any contraindications for the vaccination. If you find it difficult to determine certain contraindications or precautions (for example, how dangerous a child’s cold or cough is), show it to your doctor. You should not blindly refuse vaccination because of a slight runny nose or cough - this will only disrupt the vaccination plan.

Is it possible to get a DTP vaccination before going to the sea?

Before going to the sea, you should not do DTP. After vaccination, the child is weakened. During the move, he can become infected with a viral or infectious pathology.

A baby can catch a cold on the beach. The child will probably want to swim in the sea. But it is prohibited to wet the puncture site or take water procedures for some time after the DPT injection.

Increased physical activity of the baby will further weaken the immune system. It is better to vaccinate your child a month before going to the sea.