Dangers of Diaskintest for runny nose and cough

Advantages of diagnosing tuberculosis with Diaskintest in children:

• has the highest sensitivity (98 - 100%)
• has the highest specificity (90 - 100%)
• greater safety and higher accuracy compared to the Mantoux test
• higher specificity than the imported allergen T-Spot
• accurate diagnosis of infection occurring in a latent form
• contains two antigens present in virulent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and absent in the BCG vaccine strain
• When using Diaskintest, allergic reactions practically do not occur

Is it possible to do Diaskintest for a sick child?

Before the test, both adults and children undergo a medical examination. A health check is necessary, since it is impossible to do a diaskintest if you are ill, especially with damage to the respiratory tract.

Restrictions are necessary due to the nature of the test. During the procedure, instead of a pathogen, genetically modified proteins are introduced into the blood, causing a reaction only if the tuberculosis bacillus is present in it. In an organism affected by pathogens, the immune system is activated to fight pathogens, which distorts the test results.

Vaccination against the background of the disease causes the following side effects:

• allergy;
• increased symptoms of the disease;
• decreased immunity;
• heat;
• compaction at the injection site.

There is no point in doing a test during illness, but the doctor may suggest performing the procedure if there is a slight runny nose unaccompanied by other symptoms. In this case, the choice of whether to give the baby a test or to postpone the procedure remains with the parents. However, no specialist will insist on conducting a test in the midst of an epidemic.

Is it possible to do Diaskintest if you have a cold?

Testing for tuberculosis when you have a cold is not recommended. The presence of infection in the body is likely to distort its effect. Colds often cause a false-positive result, and further tests do not detect tuberculosis.

A cold can easily develop into or be the first symptom of any serious respiratory disease. Complications that can harm all body functions are also possible.

The following side effects occur as a consequence of getting vaccinated during a cold:

1. Increased symptoms.
2. Headache.
3. Nausea.
4. Dizziness.

A cold, no matter how mild it may seem, is an absolute contraindication for Diaskintest. Vaccination should be postponed until complete recovery.

Is it possible to do Diaskintest for coughing?

The cough itself is only a symptom. It occurs for various reasons, which include:

• cold;
• acute respiratory diseases;
• stress;
• osteochondrosis;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• increased stomach acidity;
• smoking.

All this is related to health problems, but only in case of cough caused by a cold or infectious diseases, the discintest is contraindicated.

In some cases, "smoker's cough" may be a sign of chronic bronchitis. An examination is necessary to find out for sure.

Before getting vaccinated, you need to determine the cause of your cough, then the doctor will be able to tell you for sure whether you can undergo the test. The cough that appears after Diaskintest is most likely an allergic reaction.

Is it possible to do the Diaskin test at a temperature

If elevated temperature is a symptom of an infectious disease, diaskintest cannot be performed.

In the case when the temperature is not accompanied by other signs of a cold, the reasons are as follows:

• stress;
• increase in external temperature;
• physical activity;
• any injury (cut, foreign body, frostbite, burn);
• spoiled food;
• allergy;
• drinking alcohol or hot drinks.

There are no visible contraindications for vaccination. However, it is advisable to postpone the test at a temperature, since it itself sometimes provokes an increase in temperature against the background of an allergic reaction.

In women, fever sometimes occurs during menstruation. In this case, it is recommended to postpone the Diaskintest until completion in order to avoid a false positive reaction.

Is it possible to do Diaskintest for allergy sufferers?

Diaskintest is carried out for chronic allergies. Bronchial asthma, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and food intolerance are not an absolute contraindication.

However, the test can cause an allergic reaction, like any medication:

1. Redness at the injection site, spreading redness to the entire forearm.
2. Purulent formations.
3. Skin rash, itching.
4. Labored breathing.
5. Runny nose, cough.

If a severe allergic reaction occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor. The sample results will not be evaluated. If you know you have an allergy, tell us before the test, even if the allergy test is negative.

To avoid side effects, allergy sufferers should prepare in advance for vaccination: a week before the test and for several days after it, have as little contact with pathogens as possible, and take antihistamines.

Indications for use of "Diaskintest"

"Diaskintest" is used to conduct an intradermal test in children over 8 years of age, instead of the Mantoux test, for the purpose of diagnosing tuberculosis of exclusively pulmonary localization, assessing the activity of the process and identifying patients at high risk of developing an active tuberculosis process. "Diaskintest" is intended for performing an intradermal test for the following purposes:

• children from high-risk groups for tuberculosis who are not subject to dispensary registration by a phthisiatrician
• to identify patients at high risk of developing active tuberculosis (latent tuberculosis infection)
• for differential diagnosis of post-vaccination (BCG) and infectious allergies (delayed-type hypersensitivity)
• to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis treatment in combination with other methods
• in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, peptic ulcer disease
• in patients with chronic nonspecific purulent-inflammatory diseases of the bronchopulmonary system and kidneys
• in HIV-infected patients
• in patients receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy (cytostatics, corticosteroids, genetically engineered biological drugs (GEBP), etc.)

The principle of action of the drug "Diaskintest"

The action of the drug "Diaskintest" is based on the detection of a cellular immune response to antigens specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. When the drug is administered intradermally in persons with tuberculosis infection, a specific skin reaction occurs, which is a manifestation of delayed-type hypersensitivity.

To identify (diagnosis) tuberculosis infection, a test with Diaskintest is carried out:

• children sent to an anti-tuberculosis institution for additional examination for the presence of a tuberculosis process;
• children belonging to high-risk groups for tuberculosis, taking into account epidemiological, medical and social risk factors;
• children referred to a phthisiatrician based on the results of mass tuberculin diagnostics (Mantoux).

Important! A test with the drug "Diaskintest" cannot be used instead of a tuberculin test (Mantoux) to select individuals for primary vaccination and revaccination with BCG

Evaluation of test results with Diaskintest

The result of the test is assessed by a doctor or trained nurse 72 hours after it was performed by measuring the transverse (relative to the axis of the forearm) size of the hyperemia (redness) and infiltrate (papules) in millimeters with a transparent ruler.

Hyperemia is taken into account only in the absence of infiltration.

The response to the test is considered:

• negative - in the complete absence of infiltration and hyperemia or in the presence of a “puncture reaction” of up to 2 mm;
• doubtful - in the presence of hyperemia without infiltration;
• positive - in the presence of infiltrate (papules) of any size.

Positive reactions conditionally vary in severity:

• mild reaction - in the presence of infiltrate up to 5 mm in size;
• moderate reaction - with an infiltrate size of 5-9 mm;
• pronounced reaction - with an infiltrate size of 10-14 mm;
• hyperergic reaction - with an infiltrate size of 15 mm or more, with vesicular-necrotic changes and (or) lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, regardless of the size of the infiltrate.

Persons with questionable and positive reactions are examined for tuberculosis.

There is usually no reaction to Diaskintest:

• in persons not infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis;
• in persons previously infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with inactive tuberculosis infection;
• in patients with tuberculosis during the period of completion of the involution of tuberculous changes in the absence of clinical, X-ray tomographic, instrumental and laboratory signs of process activity;
• in persons cured of tuberculosis;
• in persons with extrapulmonary localization of tuberculosis.

At the same time, a test with the drug "Diaskintest" may be negative in patients with tuberculosis with severe immunopathological disorders caused by a severe course of the tuberculosis process, in persons in the early stages of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in the early stages of the tuberculosis process, in persons with concomitant diseases accompanied by an immunodeficiency state.

Is it possible to do Diaskintest: for a runny nose, cold, pregnancy

Plan: 1. when can a diagnosis be made 2. in which cases is it better to postpone the diagnosis? One of the most common respiratory diseases is tuberculosis. Despite the fact that medicine has learned to treat patients with this disease, it is impossible to completely eradicate it.

Tuberculosis can be infected by anyone, regardless of age and place of residence. You can become infected through airborne droplets. But with a strong immune system, the development of tuberculosis can be avoided. To make matters worse, the early stages of the disease are asymptomatic or very similar to cold infections.

Until recently, tuberculosis was detected, in particular, using the Mantoux test. Now there is a new drug - diazkintitis.

How and why the test is done

This is a relatively new procedure in our country. Not all parents are still familiar with its features and understand what we are talking about when the doctor first suggests diazkintitis instead of the usual Mantua proposal for placing the child.

Dyaskinterest is a drug and at the same time the name of a procedure with which any form of pulmonary tuberculosis, even latent, can be detected at an early stage. This is a test for higher sensitivity and selectivity, which Mantoux does not have.

Diaskinterester recognizes and responds to active mycobacteria in a human tuberculosis strain. If the result is positive, then in 99% of cases the person is actually a carrier of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or has active tuberculosis.

False-positive results after BCG vaccination, as in the case of Mantoux, are completely excluded.

The Diaskintest technique is no different from Mantu.

The drug is injected under the skin on the inside of the forearm, and a small white papule immediately swells at the injection site, which self-absorbs within 1-2 hours.

The 'button' should not be combed, heated or cooled, lubricated with alcohol solutions, or stuck to the patch, preferably not wet. Results are assessed after 72 hours, as in the case of the mantoux sample.

What to do?

If the fifth of the slide is positive, don't delay. Additional diagnostics should be started immediately. This is the only way to figure out the obvious causes of anomalies and what to do next. After confirming the diagnosis, the doctor decides what treatment to apply and how long the treatment will last.

Only timely diagnosis and treatment can prevent the development of the disease.

Additional diagnostics include..:

• radiography or fluorography;
• blood test (general);
• urine and feces analysis;
• phthisiology consultation.

If all the above results show the presence of tuberculosis, it would not be a bad idea to undergo PCR diagnostics. This examination is the last stage, after which the doctor prescribes treatment.

PCR can be performed on the basis of various biomaterials: Poop, blood, saliva, sputum, sweat. The type of PCR test recommended by your doctor depends on the presence of symptoms.

Such tests are usually paid for, the amount depends on the clinic and how quickly the results are received.

Remember that treatment should not be interrupted. The dose is not reduced or increased without the knowledge of the doctor. Some patients must be hospitalized if the affected organ is actively deteriorating. If the mold is closed and the pathology is diagnosed at an early stage, outpatient treatment is possible.

Immediately or after treatment (medication), it makes sense to undergo sanatorium-resort treatment. There, the patient is constantly under the supervision of medical personnel, which only contributes to a quick recovery.

If a child is sick, it is recommended to transfer him to a special educational institution after a course of treatment. There are trained people who constantly monitor the dynamics, take preventive measures, etc.

This is necessary so that if the disease returns, it can be acquired immediately.

Preparing for Diaskintest

The diagnosis of tuberculosis is always preceded by an examination by a pediatrician. Special training is no longer necessary. There is no need to follow a special diet, limit the use of medications, etc.

Exceptions: If your baby has allergies and previously had an inadequate reaction to food, medications for the treatment of rhinitis, cough, then start taking mild antihistamines 2-3 days before the planned date of surgery.

You will continue to take them on the day of your procedure and for 3 more days afterward. Such preparatory measures significantly reduce the risk of adverse events and side effects.

Negative reactions of the body

This medicine is administered by specially trained personnel. The area for injection with a small syringe (insulin) is the inner surface of the middle third of the forearm.

As already mentioned, this drug is only administered intravenously. With this injection method, the development of side effects is minimal, which is due to the low entry of the drug into the bloodstream.

However, no one is immune from unwanted consequences.

Types of Side Effects

Side effects are not common when administering diaskintets.

They can be divided into two groups:

1. They are associated with the body's reaction to the administered drug.
2. The reason is improper sampling methods of medical personnel.

Belongs to the first group:

• Slight increase in temperature;
• pathogenesis;
• allergic reactions.

allergies may occur:

• express redness of the injection site, which spreads throughout the forearm;
• formation of pustules at the injection site;
• rash all over the body, which becomes thicker at the injection site;
• runny nose, sneezing;
• irritation, it may itch at the injection site;
• difficulty breathing.

All this can happen in case of individual intolerance and allergy to one of the components of the drug. The skin becomes itchy and itchy, which is very uncomfortable for a person. Hyperemia may spread throughout the arm, accompanied by the formation of blisters with clear fluid.

If any of the above symptoms occur, you should seek medical help as soon as possible. Your doctor will prescribe the necessary treatment, which should include antiallergic medications. Sample results will not be evaluated.

Due to malfunction of the Diaskintestos injection equipment, side effects will occur:

• hematoma at the injection site;
• 'bump' on the skin after injection.

A 'bump' is a bulge at the injection site. It can result from the injection of air along with medicine and is called subcutaneous emphysema. It shouldn't itch. It doesn't cause any harm. It dissolves quickly within 1-2 days.

A bruise at the injection site can be caused by damage to a blood vessel with a needle or rough insertion of a bad syringe. This condition does not affect the outcome assessment and does not require medical intervention. Treatment alone takes several days.

How to prevent the development of adverse reactions

• If a patient is scheduled for such a procedure, the doctor may give certain recommendations to better prepare for it.
• Particularly important for people prone to allergic reactions and having concomitant internal pathologies
• Doctors may prescribe the following procedure before performing the test:

• antihistamines (Zodac, Zyrtec, Claritin) in standard doses 2-3 days before administration;
• hypoallergenic diet;
• if necessary, consult a dermatologist;
• lab tests.

It is also advisable to do a general blood and urine test before the injection. It can detect some hidden forms of the disease that may be aggravated by the administration of Diaskinteast.

It should be noted that the measures listed above not only help prevent the development of side effects, but also reduce the possibility of obtaining questionable results when assessing a sample regarding the individual characteristics of the organism. Only a doctor can prescribe these measures, taking into account their real need.

Diaskinterest is a fairly safe method for improving mass diagnosis of tuberculosis. All of these side effects are very rare and usually occur when contraindications are ignored. Therefore, before administering the drug, the doctor must first comprehensively assess the patient's condition.

1. Bondarenko Tatyana
2. Expert project OPnevmonii.ru
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Contraindications

Only a doctor can decide whether Diaskintest is suitable for testing for tuberculosis.

The Diaskintest test is not recommended and is not performed on children under 7 years of age inclusive.

"Diaskintest" is contraindicated for persons with allergic and autoimmune diseases! Also, the use of Diaskintest is contraindicated in the following cases:

• Acute diseases or exacerbation of chronic diseases (except for cases of suspected tuberculosis).
• Skin diseases.
• Epilepsy.
• In children's groups where there is a quarantine for childhood infections, the test is carried out only after the quarantine is lifted.

Possible side effects

For most, the test process is asymptomatic.

Headaches, general weakness, sleep disturbances, and increased body temperature may occur. Individuals with altered reactivity experience allergic reactions. Considering the possibility of developing immediate allergic reactions (anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, urticaria) in particularly sensitive individuals, vaccinated persons must be provided with medical supervision for 30 minutes.

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Who makes the decision to conduct the test?

The decision whether to perform a Diaskin test or not is made jointly by the doctor and the patient. When the test is given to a child, the pediatrician makes the decision about the need for vaccination, but the final word remains with the parents.

After performing Diaskintest, there is a possibility of side effects:

• loss of appetite;
• weakness;
• slight headache.

In a normal situation, these symptoms disappear after two to three days, but if this does not happen, or the child’s condition worsens, you should immediately consult a doctor.

If you refuse Diaskintest due to temporary or absolute contraindications, you will have to be tested for tuberculosis in the form of fluorography or x-ray.