Lump from diphtheria vaccination in an adult, child: features

Features of the procedure

The vaccine is a serum containing weakened live corynebacteria. A single dose is 0.5 ml. The injection is given intramuscularly. The most optimal injection sites:

The subscapularis zone has the most developed muscle corset, the injection site is not injured, and local side effects are minimal.
Outer thigh area – used in children over 3 years of age.
Upper shoulder area – suitable for school age children.

The essence of vaccination is the intramuscular injection of a serum toxin, which does not immediately penetrate into the general bloodstream, but gradually. This is necessary so that the immune system has time to produce immune cells, which are activated if necessary. When the vaccine is administered subcutaneously or intravenously, the weakened corynebacteria will be destroyed by immune cells in a matter of days, which will not allow the production of antibodies.

How to reduce risk

After vaccination, you should not touch or scratch the injection site; you can shower after 3 days.
Side effects of tetanus vaccination in adults can be prevented if medical personnel and patients follow the vaccination rules. The patient cannot influence the length of the queue for vaccination and the doctor’s availability, but there are a number of actions that are important. Usually the employer warns about when the vaccination will take place. In the time before vaccination, you need to prepare.

At this time, it is undesirable to visit places with large crowds of people, swim in open reservoirs and pools, try unusual dishes, or be exposed to stress. The same rules are important for the first 2-3 days after vaccination. If the patient feels unwell on the eve of vaccination, you need to go to the therapist and get a certificate of medical exemption - it will allow you to reschedule the vaccination until after recovery.

After vaccination, you should not additionally load your immune system, wear clothes that rub in the injection area, apply irritating pepper-based ointments to your back, or vigorously rub and scratch the vaccination site. You can shower and bathe and sleep on your back.

A tetanus or flu shot given under the shoulder blade rarely causes serious complications. However, you need to be aware of the risks in advance and be able to prevent them.

Types and nature of local reactions to vaccination

An incorrectly administered vaccine, or individual intolerance to it, can provoke the development of a number of negative local manifestations.

Itching and redness, swelling

The vaccine creates an increase in response from the body. After its administration, local immunity is activated, which causes an increase in the inflammatory process. Increased blood flow to the site of inflammation, which is a natural protective reaction, causes redness, itching and severe swelling.

An indicator of normality is swelling in the size of a five-ruble coin on the 2-3rd day of administration and its complete disappearance no later than 5 days after vaccination. During this time, the entire inflammatory process dies down, the injection site does not differ from the rest of the skin.

Fever

Increased blood flow causes an increase in temperature, which is necessary in order to destroy harmful bacteria. The temperature of the injection site is 2-3 degrees higher than the temperature of the rest of the skin. This symptom manifests itself especially often in preschool children.

Soft tissue swelling

This symptom is a natural defense reaction that prevents the infection from being absorbed into the blood and penetrating into the general bloodstream. Swelling can be observed at the injection site and within a radius of 5-6 cm from it.

Intensity of manifestation and what does it depend on?

Some patients don't even notice the vaccination. The procedure is painless and without complications. For others, immunization turns into a living hell, when the injection site not only hurts, itches and swells, but there is also a general deterioration in their condition. It depends on the following factors:

Immunity status – weakened patients with chronic diseases or autoimmune disorders are more likely to develop complications.
Age – children under one year of age tolerate vaccination more difficult than adults.
Individual hypersensitivity to the components of the vaccine - allergy sufferers are advised to first do a skin test through a small scratch on the arm, as there is a possibility of developing anaphylactic shock.

Preschool children are given a complex DTP vaccine. After 6 years, each revaccination is carried out using the ADS vaccine.

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When to see a doctor for complications

Not all complications are considered a reason to visit a doctor. Most of them (chills, weakness, mild discomfort) go away on their own, but a number of complications and side effects require medical intervention. If it hurts under the shoulder blade, even for a long time, you should not worry when the body’s reaction is not accompanied by Quincke’s edema and other consequences.

Edema and swelling resolve within a few days or months and, as a rule, do not cause serious discomfort. This symptom does not usually require a visit to the doctor. The lump is reduced with compresses, and the pain is relieved with tablets. If it does not resolve within the allotted period, then you need to see a doctor.

Be sure to consult a doctor if you have vomiting or allergies. The same should be done in case of convulsions, clouding of consciousness or loss of consciousness, if the patient is choking or has severe diarrhea or circulatory problems. These symptoms are a serious cause for concern and require medical attention.

If after vaccination a child has a poor appetite, a headache, a slight fever or is naughty, then this is considered normal. Urgently call an ambulance if you have a severe runny nose, seizures, skin rashes, or unstable heartbeat. A doctor is visited for vomiting and diarrhea, because the child quickly becomes dehydrated. Such complications are quite rare.

It is believed that the injection site is prohibited from getting wet. This is wrong. Water treatments are allowed in most cases. It is not recommended to drink alcoholic beverages, go to a bathhouse or sauna, or rub the puncture site. You should not apply cosmetics or vigorous exercise to this area. Precautions after vaccination are observed for five to seven days.

Reasons for the formation of a lump at the injection site

Induration with characteristic redness and swelling occurs for various reasons:

The child has an individual intolerance to the drug, a weakened immune system, or an incorrect procedure.
In an adult – the presence of chronic diseases that burden the immune system, individual intolerance, autoimmune diseases, allergies.

Common reasons for the formation of injection infiltrate are:

Violation of the vaccine administration technique, when the serum is administered too quickly and causes rupture of small vessels.
Injection of the drug into the subcutaneous fatty tissue, and not into the muscle.
Infection of a post-injection wound when asepsis rules were violated.

If the lump is concerning and alarming, you should consult a specialist.

Shoulder blade hurts after vaccination: causes and complications, when to see a doctor

Vaccination of adults and children always becomes stressful for the body.
Side effects and temporary unpleasant reactions occur. The shoulder blade often hurts after vaccination, the temperature rises, and lumps and lumps appear. Injections into the scapular region are considered one of the most painful and are almost always complicated by temporary discomfort. However, one should not confuse the normal immune response with dangerous complications.

Why is the vaccine placed under the shoulder blade?

The area under the shoulder blade is the most favorable for rapid absorption of the vaccine. The risk of local complications in this area is much lower, as is the risk of vaccine stagnation and a lump developing in this area.

The vaccine is given under the shoulder blade to children over one year of age and adults, but the fat layer of young children prevents the procedure from being carried out correctly.

Vaccinations under the shoulder blade are given against diphtheria and tetanus. This area is also vaccinated against encephalitis, measles, rubella and whooping cough. Injections for mumps and flu are indicated in the same area.

It has been noted that the pain in this area is quite high, and rarely does anyone experience discomfort. The shoulder blade hurts especially badly after vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus.

Normal immune response

You should be wary if you start to get very sick after getting vaccinated under the shoulder blade against influenza, measles, whooping cough and rubella. However, even when vaccinated against these diseases, mild pain is allowed.

Reactions that resolve within 3 days are considered within normal limits:

redness at the injection site, slight swelling and severe pain;
headaches and slight dizziness;
against the background of general malaise, severe weakness appears;
the temperature rises, but not more than 39 degrees (38.5 for children).

The intensity of reactions does not depend on age, but on the characteristics of the people’s body. Individuals prone to frequent illness may have a more difficult time tolerating vaccinations.

How much the scapula normally hurts after vaccination depends on the correctness of the injection. Usually this period does not exceed 3 days. However, if the drug gets under the skin and turns into a lump, the pain will persist for a long time. Compresses and ointments are used to resolve the lump.

Some people experience severe discomfort in the area of the shoulder blade and the entire arm, while others cannot lift the limb at all for 1-2 days. Still others easily tolerate any injection and experience only mild itching in the injection area or slight discomfort.

What can you take for pain?

If the pain causes severe discomfort, then it is not necessary to endure it:

Painkillers and antipyretics. If after vaccination under the shoulder blade your back hurts and you have a fever, you can take a drug based on paracetamol. Ibuprofen-based medications are recommended for both adults and children. If there is no temperature, you can take any usual analgesic.
Absorbable ointments. Topical products can also speed up the healing process and relieve pain. For resorption, use Vishnevsky ointment or ichthyol ointment.

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You can ask your doctor about side effects and treatments for them before vaccination.

Features of complications after vaccination

In adults, the shoulder blade will hurt less often after vaccination than in children, and this is due to vaccines given in childhood. There are practically no complications in adults. But children may experience unpleasant side effects:

urticaria in any part of the body - appears immediately after vaccination or within a few days. To eliminate it, it is necessary to use local remedies and antihistamines;
severe swelling - usually extends several centimeters around the injection site, but can affect the arm, neck, and shoulder;
the appearance of cramps, pain in joints and muscles throughout the body, up to inflammation of the joint capsule;
symptoms of cerebral disorders - darkening of the eyes, sudden fainting and severe dizziness up to nausea;
loss of appetite for several days - does not require additional measures, since appetite is gradually restored on its own;
pulse disturbances – fast or slow rhythm, irregular heartbeat with disturbances;
breathing problems – cough or shortness of breath.

If a child is prone to allergic reactions, then before the injection, so that the shoulder blade does not hurt after vaccination against tetanus or another disease and there are no allergic reactions, it is recommended to take antihistamines.

Help with a lump

In addition to the fact that it may hurt under the shoulder blade after vaccination against tetanus, diphtheria or other diseases, a very annoying lump may appear in this place. The appearance of severe bloating occurs due to improper administration of the drug: it must be placed in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, and the doctor injects it exclusively under the skin.

Such a complication does not pose a danger to the body, but the resorption of the drug will take much longer. And this is dangerous due to the lack of immunity formation during the epidemic and preparation for it. Usually the lump resolves within 2-3 months, during which time the medicine is also absorbed.

Additional discomfort is caused by pain. The reason why the shoulder blade hurts a lot after vaccination with a lump that appears is the accumulation of viral cells and pressure on nearby tissues. To resolve the lump, you should always use pharmaceutical ointments and homemade compresses. For example, this recipe:

Take an aspirin tablet and add 2 tbsp. l. alcohol
Apply the mixture onto a gauze napkin folded several times.
Lubricate the pine cone with unrefined vegetable oil to avoid burns upon contact with alcohol.
Apply gauze to the damaged area of skin and cover with film.
Secure the compress with a bandage.

You need to keep the bandage on for several hours - preferably overnight. To completely disappear the lump, 3-4 procedures are enough. In rare cases, it is necessary to apply dressings for 1 week.

The appearance of pain under the shoulder blade after any vaccination is a normal process of developing immunity to a certain disease. It will be dangerous only if accompanying symptoms occur that cause discomfort to the person. However, in adulthood there is no need to be afraid of complications, while parents of babies should pay special attention to the child’s condition.

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Source: https://immunoprofi.ru/vakcinaciya/bol-pod-lopatkoj-posle-privivki.html

When should you see a doctor?

Consulting a specialist will not hurt if:

A purulent neoplasm is visible at the injection site.
The skin is hyperthermic, severe itching appears.
The diameter of the spot exceeds 5-7 cm.
The skin at the injection site is thickened, causing acute pain at the slightest touch.
General symptoms of intoxication appear in the form of increased body temperature, fever, and additional pain throughout the body.

You should immediately consult a doctor if:

Difficulty, rapid breathing is noted, and the nasolabial triangle appears blue.
All skin covers are covered with urticaria - small pinpoint rashes with swelling.
Blood pressure rises and a panic attack develops.
Signs of anaphylaxis are increasing.

People who suffer from an allergic reaction should be extremely careful during the vaccination period. Foreign agents can provoke an acute allergic reaction, the symptoms of which, in the absence of medication, can cause respiratory arrest and heartbeat.

Therapy methods

You can help ease the course of the post-vaccination period with the help of certain medications. The choice of treatment tactics depends on the degree of complications, as well as the individual characteristics of the body. Self-medication is unacceptable, especially in children. This can lead to a deterioration in overall health and the development of life-threatening conditions.

Pharmacy products

The most effective drugs for swelling at the injection site are:

Troxerutin - ointment helps to activate metabolic processes at the injection site, promotes rapid resorption and elimination of swelling. Apply according to instructions on previously cleansed skin.
Fenistil-gel is an antihistamine that stops the production of histamines, which are responsible for the increase in swelling and itching. Well absorbed, approved for children.
Heparin ointment - restores damaged fibers and has a resorption effect.

Before the injection, it is recommended to take antihistamines: Zodak, Edem, Erius, Suprastinex. They will reduce swelling at the injection site and also minimize the risk of complications.

Available means

You can eliminate swelling, itching and pain of the lump using simple remedies such as:

Cabbage leaf - gently knead it in your hand so that the juice comes out, and apply it to the sore spot, bandage it overnight.
Salt compress - dissolve 1 teaspoon of salt in a glass of water, stir until completely dissolved, then leave the compress for 1-2 hours.
Soda slurry - add a few drops of cold water to a teaspoon of soda, stir until it becomes a slurry, and then apply a thin layer to the area of swelling.
Toothpaste – a small pea of toothpaste is gently rubbed over the surface of the seal and left until completely dry.

If symptoms do not go away after 5-7 days, you should definitely consult a doctor.

Pain under the shoulder blade after a vaccine injection: injection area

Why is the vaccine injection given in this particular area? Here, the injected fluid is quickly absorbed and the risk of complications is much lower than in other areas of the body. Typically, the vaccine in the area of the shoulder blade stagnates less and swelling and compaction are less likely to form. Doctors prefer this form of procedure for children over the age of one year and adult patients. Children have a thin layer of fat in this area, which does not allow for an injection according to all the rules.

Typically, injections are given at this site against tetanus, tick-borne encephalitis, diphtheria, rubella and other serious diseases. Flu and mumps vaccinations are often given under the shoulder blade. When a puncture occurs, a person experiences pain and discomfort. The most unpleasant sensations develop after injections against tetanus and diphtheria.

Normal reaction to vaccination

After the injection, the body gives a normal immune response. After receiving the flu vaccine, pain is rare. Most often, pain syndrome occurs after vaccination against diphtheria or tetanus. This is a normal reaction of the body to the introduction of foreign strains of bacteria. Pain may occur for two to three days, and the puncture site may turn slightly red.

Some patients experience a slight rise in temperature, migraines and weakness. Each person's body is individual and can react in its own way. Some patients experience discomfort when moving, others have swelling, and others have migraines. These phenomena resolve on their own without additional treatment. Unpleasant symptoms stop after two to three days.

Negative reactions to the injection

The medicine used for vaccination is quite easily tolerated by patients. If the procedure was carried out correctly and the injection was painless, there is no response to the vaccine, then doctors believe that the reaction is normal. In some cases, negative reactions to the administered composition occur. In this situation, local reactions pass quickly.

One of the symptoms of a negative reaction is pain under the shoulder blade. A lump forms at the puncture site, which hurts. This is an immune response of the body that does not threaten life and health. When a person lies on his back or sleeps in this position, he may feel pain when his body comes into contact with a surface. Puffiness and swelling usually disappear on their own within three to five days.

If the tumor is too large, you should consult a doctor for advice. He will advise you on what medications to take and how to alleviate this condition so that the tissue recovers faster after the injection. If the pain under the shoulder blade becomes unbearable, then you can apply compresses with magnesium powder. Troxevasin ointment will help resolve the bumps. Its composition increases blood circulation and eliminates pain.

When the patient's temperature rises after the injection, the puncture site often swells. This is one of the body's reactions to the introduction of strains. Unpleasant symptoms can be relieved with antipyretic drugs. If the temperature does not go down, this means that some kind of infection has been added to the discomfort, for example, ARVI. This has little to do with the strains introduced into the body.

One of the consequences of vaccination may be weakness. A person in this state eats little or does not want to eat at all. If a child is vaccinated, parents should remember that vaccination is stressful. To make you feel better, you can simply take an additional bath with warm water. Water procedures after vaccination are not prohibited.

During the post-vaccination period, you may experience a headache. This happens less often. It's best to sleep. If your head aches, you can apply a cotton rag or towel moistened with water to it. If the pain does not go away and greatly torments the patient, it is recommended to take a painkiller tablet.

Another negative reaction is nausea, possibly an upset stomach. This condition is rare, but depends on the characteristics of the body. If a person includes a new product in his diet and gets vaccinated at this time, then the body’s reaction becomes less predictable and can lead to bowel disorders.

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The patient may even develop vomiting. If you have such symptoms, you need to see a doctor. The loss of water in the body should not be ignored. The patient should drink more fluids. Loss of appetite may last up to three days. During this period, the body develops immune protection against the strains contained in the vaccine. Then the condition will normalize and your appetite will appear.